• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a drawbar (1) for a vehicle trailer comprising a hemispherical receiving socket (2) with a receiving opening (3) for receiving a coupling ball (4) and a drawbar support (5) for connecting the receiving socket (2) with the vehicle trailer, it is proposed in that the receiving socket (2) is pivotably connected to the drawbar support (5) by means of a safety device (6), that the receiving socket (2) can be fixed in an operating position by means of an actuating device (7) of the safety device (6), and in that the receiving socket ( 2) relative to the drawbar carrier (5) by means of the actuating device (7) from the operating position in a direction away from the receiving opening (3) direction is pivotable in a Entkoppelungsposition.
    公开号:AT515156A1
    申请号:T840/2013
    申请日:2013-11-04
    公开日:2015-06-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Scharmüller Josef Ing；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a drawbar for a vehicle trailer according to the preamble of claim 1.
    A drawbar is a device for a towed vehicle trailer which serves to couple the trailer to a towing vehicle. Here, in particular drawbar with a hemispherical receiving socket are known, which is intended to receive the coupling ball of a tractor and thereby produce a slightly pivotable coupling in all directions. In this case, such ball couplings further have a fixable hold-down, which ensures a reliable connection between receiving socket and coupling ball. Even with the open hold down is often still a secure connection between receiving socket and coupling ball given because the receiving socket rests with a support weight on the hitch ball. For reliable release of the coupling is therefore a handling on the coupling, in particular a settling of the receiving socket of the coupling ball, necessary.
    The disadvantage of this is that in a fire on the vehicle trailer access to the clutch is often prevented or only under danger is possible, which is why the clutch can not be reliably separated. Such a fire can break out, for example, when harvesting particularly dry hay or other easily flammable goods. In this case, the fire can spread from the vehicle trailer on the towing vehicle, whereby the entire vehicle combination is a robbery of the flames.
    The object of the invention is therefore to provide a drawbar of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, with which even in emergency situations, the connection of vehicle trailer and towing vehicle can be reliably solved.
    This is achieved by the features of claim 1 according to the invention.
    This has the advantage that the connection between the vehicle trailer and towing vehicle can be separated quickly and reliably even in an emergency, with a reliable separation no operators in the field of
    Clutch itself requires. By the safety device, the receiving pan can be brought into a position in which the coupling ball can slide out of the receiving pan. Here, the receiving pan is in the operating position in a usual for a receiving pan orientation in which in the coupled state, the upper hemisphere of the coupling ball is completely disposed in the receiving pan. Upon actuation of the safety device, the receiving pan is pivoted in a direction opposite to the receiving opening, whereby the connection is released. Even if the receiving socket still loads in the decoupling position on the coupling ball, for example, because a load on the drawbar downward, the receiving pan is so tilted on the coupling ball on that the coupling ball by applying a tensile force in the direction of travel, for example by a start of the towing vehicle , from the receiving pan can slide. In this case, the connection can be reliably solved even when the drawbar on the coupling ball 4 load. Furthermore, the coupling and uncoupling without support foot or such aids can be facilitated.
    The subclaims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.
    It is hereby expressly referred to the wording of the claims, whereby the claims at this point are incorporated by reference into the description and are considered to be reproduced verbatim.
    The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only a preferred embodiment is shown by way of example. Showing:
    Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a drawbar in axonometric representation;
    Figure 2 shows the preferred embodiment of the drawbar in an operating position in side view.
    3 shows the preferred embodiment of the drawbar in a decoupling position in side view.
    Figure 4 shows the preferred embodiment of the drawbar and a hold-down in the operating position in side view. and
    Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of Fig. 4 in the decoupling position in side view.
    1 to 5 show a preferred embodiment of a drawbar 1 for a vehicle trailer comprising a hemispherical receiving socket 2 with a receiving opening 3 for receiving a coupling ball 4 and a drawbar support 5 for connecting the receiving socket 2 with the vehicle trailer.
    A drawbar 1 is a device which is provided in a towed vehicle trailer to connect this with a towing vehicle, and forward the tensile forces of the towing vehicle to the vehicle trailer.
    The drawbar 1 has a hemispherical receiving socket 2, which is also known under the term coupling socket on. The receiving pan 2 particularly preferably has a substantially hemispherical recess, which is provided to receive the coupling ball 4 of the towing vehicle. Here, the receiving pan 2 edges a receiving opening 3, through which the coupling ball 4 can be inserted into the recess of the receiving pan 2. The recess is in this case bounded by a sliding surface of the receiving socket 2, which is in the coupled state with the coupling ball 4 in contact.
    In particular, it can be provided that the receiving socket 2 has a cylindrical collar, and that the receiving socket 2 projects with the collar over a large circle of the coupling ball 4 also.
    The drawbar 1 further has a drawbar carrier 5. The drawbar support 5 is a substantially elongate member which connects the receiving socket 2 with the rest of the vehicle trailer, and in particular forwards the forces of the receiving socket 2 to the rest of the vehicle trailer. Here are the expert a variety of different drawbar carrier geometries known. The drawbar carrier 5 may be connected to a vehicle trailer with a centrally arranged axis fixed to the vehicle trailer. In a multi-axle vehicle trailer, the drawbar carrier 5 may be movably mounted with a fifth wheel steering on the steering wheel of the front axle.
    The drawbar carrier 5 may be formed in particular as a straight carrier. The drawbar carrier 5 can be designed in particular as a drawbar tube. Alternatively, the drawbar carrier 5 may be triangular or forked.
    It is provided that the receiving socket 2 is connected by means of a safety device 6 pivotally connected to the drawbar carrier 5, that the receiving socket 2 by means of an actuator 7 of the safety device 6 is fixed in an operating position, and that the receiving socket 2 relative to the drawbar carrier 5 by means of the actuator 7 the operating position in a direction away from the receiving opening 3 direction is pivotable in a Entkoppelungsposition. The actuating device 7 may in particular be remote-controlled.
    Furthermore, a trailer with this drawbar is provided.
    Further, in particular, a vehicle combination with the vehicle trailer and a towing vehicle with a driver's cab may be provided, wherein the actuating device 7 of the safety device 6 can be actuated from the driver's cab. In this case, an additional operating element can be arranged in the driver's cab, which can be coupled to the actuating device 7.
    This results in the advantage that the connection between the vehicle trailer and towing vehicle can be separated quickly and reliably even in an emergency, with a reliable separation requires no operator in the clutch itself. By the safety device 6, the receiving socket 2 can be brought into a position in which the coupling ball 4 can slide out of the receiving socket 2. Here, the receiving socket 2 in the operating position in a usual for a receiving pan 2 orientation, in which the upper hemisphere of the coupling ball 4 is completely disposed in the receiving pan 2 in the coupled state. Upon actuation of the safety device 6, the receiving socket 2 is pivoted in a direction opposite to the receiving opening 3, whereby the connection is released. Even if the receiving socket 2 still bears on the coupling ball 4 in the decoupling position, for example because a load is applied to the drawbar 1, the receiving socket 2 is tilted on the coupling ball 4 in such a way that the coupling ball 4 is moved by applying a tensile force in the direction of travel. for example, by starting the towing vehicle, from the receiving pan 2 can slide. In this case, even with load of the drawbar 1 on the coupling ball 4, the connection can be reliably solved. Furthermore, the coupling and uncoupling without support foot or such aids can be facilitated.
    The safety device 6 is a part of the drawbar 1 and arranged between receiving socket 2 and drawbar carrier 5. The safety device 6 has an actuating device 7, which is designed to pivot the receiving socket 2 relative to the drawbar carrier 5 between the operating position and the decoupling position. The actuating device 7 may in particular be designed such that it can be actuated by the towing vehicle, in particular via electrical, hydraulic or mechanical actuation.
    The operating position is a position of the receiving pan 2 or state of the drawbar 1, which is taken for example when pulling the vehicle trailer by the towing vehicle. The operating position corresponds to the position between drawbar carrier 5 and receiving pan 2, as is usual in a conventional drawbar 1. In this case, it can be provided, in particular, that the receiving opening 3-seen in the operating position-is arranged horizontally. The operating position here is that position in which the vehicle combination of vehicle trailer and towing vehicle are on one level. In this case, the receiving socket 2 can be oriented such that an upper hemisphere of the coupling ball 4 can be arranged in the receiving socket 2. The actuating device 7 of the safety device 6 can in particular be designed to reliably hold the receiving socket 2 in the operating position. Figs. 2 and 4 show the preferred embodiment of the drawbar 1 in the operating position.
    The Entkoppelungsposition is a position of the receiving socket 2 or state of the drawbar 1, in which the connection between receiving socket 2 and coupling ball 4 can be separated without operating personnel in the drawbar 1. In the decoupling position, the receiving pan 2 is to the
    Tiller carrier relative to the operating position in a direction opposite to the receiving opening direction, so also a direction away from the coupling ball 4 direction, pivoted, said pivoting can be actively carried out in particular by the actuator 7. Figures 1, 3 and 5 show the preferred embodiment of drawbar 1 in the decoupling position.
    In particular, it can be provided that the towing vehicle has a hold-down 17. It may be particularly preferred that the hold-down 17 is also actuated from the driver's cab. The hold-down device can in particular be remote-controlled.
    Particularly preferably, it can be provided that a pivot axis 10 of the safety device 6 - viewed in the operating position - extends horizontally and transversely to a longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier 5. The pivot axis 10 of the safety device 6 corresponds to the axis along which the receiving socket 2 is pivoted relative to the drawbar carrier 5. The longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier 5 corresponds to the intended direction along which the tensile forces act. In the case of a straight drawbar support 5, this corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the drawbar support 5. In the case of a triangular drawbar support 5, this corresponds to a straight line running through the middle. The longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier 5 corresponds in a straight-traveling vehicle combination in particular the straight-ahead direction.
    Particularly preferably, it may be provided that, in the operating position, a straight line running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drawbar support 5 and through a center 8 of the receiving socket 2 intersects a first region 9 of the receiving socket 2 facing away from the drawbar support 5, and that in the decoupling position this straight line intersects the straight line first area 9 of the receiving pan 2 leads over. With the center 8 of the receiving pan 2 in this case that point is meant by which the receiving pan 2 is pivotable about the coupling ball 4, so also the center point of the coupling ball 4 is. In the operating position, starting from the center 8 in the direction of the longitudinal direction and away from the vehicle trailer, that is to say in the direction of the towing vehicle, a part of the receiving socket 2, that is to say that first area 9, is arranged. At a train of
    Towing vehicle on the vehicle trailer along the longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier 5, this first area 9 is also that area at which the coupling ball transmits the tensile force. In the decoupling position, the receiving pan 2 is pivoted so that this area is exposed, whereby even with a resting receiving pan 2, the coupling ball 4 can slide by a start from the towing vehicle from the receiving pan 2. This may for example be the case when a force acts on the drawbar down.
    It can preferably be provided that a pivoting angle between the operating position and the decoupling position is between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 15 ° and 30 °. It has been shown that reliable decoupling is possible with such a pivoting angle.
    In particular, it can be provided that the receiving socket 2 is connected via a web 11 with the safety device 6. As a result, a space can be created between the safety device 6 and the receiving socket 2, whereby the safety device 6 does not restrict the pivoting range of the drawbar 1 to the towing vehicle. A longitudinal extent of the web 11 may be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier 5 in the operating position.
    Particularly preferably it can be provided that a distance from the receiving pan 2 to the safety device 6 is the simple to five times a diameter of the receiving opening 3. It has been found that the leverage forces acting on the safety device 6 can be kept low.
    In particular, it can be provided that the safety device 6 is integrated in the drawbar carrier 5.
    Preferably, it can be provided that the receiving socket 2 is at least indirectly attached to a first part 12 of the safety device 6, that a second part 13 of the safety device 6 is attached to the drawbar support 5, and that the first part 12 by means of a rotary joint 14 with the second Part 13 is pivotally connected. The safety device 6 therefore comprises two pivotally interconnected parts 12, 13, which in turn are in turn connected to the drawbar support 5 or at least indirectly to the receptacle 2. The safety device 6 can in this case be designed in particular as a flap. With this structure, the safety device 6 can be easily combined with existing components of a drawbar 1.
    In particular, it may be provided that the receiving socket 2 is integrally formed by means of the web 11 on a flange 16, wherein this one can represent a particular already known component, and that the flange 16 attached to the first part 12, in particular screwed is.
    Alternatively it can be provided that the web 11 or the flange 16 is welded to the first part 12.
    Furthermore, it can be provided that the second part 13 attached to a known drawbar carrier 5, in particular screwed or welded, is.
    The first part 12 and / or the second part 13 may in particular be designed as plates, which are particularly preferably substantially the same size.
    In particular, it may be provided that the parts 12,13 of the safety device 6 are connected at one end of the parts 12,13 with the pivot joint 14, and that the actuating device 7 is arranged at an end of the parts 12,13 opposite this end. As a result, a favorable leverage with the actuator 7 can be achieved.
    Preferably, it can be provided that, in the operating position, the first part 12 rests on the second part 13 over a large area. In this way, a good power transmission of the drawbar 1 can be achieved in the operating position in the area of the safety device 6 via the contact surface between the two parts 12,13, wherein the actuator 7 can be relieved.
    In particular, it may be provided that the first part 12 and the second part 13 have extensions and recesses which are diametrically opposed to the extensions, which engage in one another in the operating position. This allows the
    Actuator 7 and the rotary joint 14 are relieved in the operating position, since in particular shear forces in the plane of the contact surface of the parts 12,13 can be absorbed by the extensions and the recesses.
    It can preferably be provided that the actuating device 7 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 15. The hydraulic cylinder 15 may, in particular, be arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drawbar support 5, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 15 may be in a retracted state in the operating position and in an extended state in the decoupling position. A hydraulic cylinder 15 has the advantage that it can be easily coupled to a hydraulic of the towing vehicle, which is usually already present. In this case, the power for actuating the actuating device 7 does not have to be applied in the area of the safety device 6, but can originate from the towing vehicle, as a result of which the drawbar 1 can be made substantially simpler.
    Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the hydraulic cylinder 15 has hydraulic lines, which can be coupled at least indirectly with a hydraulic system of the towing vehicle. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 15 can be easily operated from the towing vehicle.
    In particular, it can be provided that an operating element is arranged in the driver's cab of the towing vehicle, and that the operating element can be hydraulically coupled to the actuating device 7.
    Alternatively it can be provided that the actuating device 7 comprises an electric motor, for example a spindle drive. In this case, the actuation can be carried out electrically from the driver's cab of the towing vehicle.
    The actuating device 7 may be at least indirectly, and in particular articulated, with the receiving socket 2, and at one end of the actuating device 7 at least indirectly, and in particular articulated, be connected to the drawbar carrier 2 at one end of the actuator 7. At least indirectly, in this case means that the respective end is pivotally connected to a part which is fixedly arranged to the receiving pan 2 and to the drawbar 2.
    Particularly preferably, it may be provided that the actuating device 7 has a securing element, that the securing element in a latching position fixes the receiving socket 2 in the operating position, and in a release position allows a pivoting of the receiving socket 2. As a result, the receiving socket 2 can be kept in the operating position even in the event of failure of the hydraulic system.
    Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the securing element can be actuated by a Bowden cable from the driver's cab of the towing vehicle. In particular, the towing vehicle may have a coupling device, with which the Bowden cable of the securing element can be connected, and which coupling device can be actuated from the driver's cab of the towing vehicle by an operating element.
    The securing element may be movably mounted in particular in the direction of the pivot axis 10. By securing the hydraulic cylinder 15 or another drive can be relieved in the operating position.
    In particular, it can be provided that the securing element is a securing bolt.
    It can be provided that the first part 12 and the second part 13 each have an opening, which are aligned with each other in the operating position. In this case, the securing element can penetrate both openings and thus fix the receiving socket 2 in the operating position. By removing the securing element from at least one opening, the receiving pan 2 is pivotable relative to the drawbar carrier 5.
    Alternatively it can be provided that the securing element fixes a piston of the hydraulic cylinder 15.
    claims:
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    Dl DR. FERDINAND GIBLER ΛΙΠΙ CDADHTM DR DR. WOLFGANG POTH WlDLClX OC IV / I Π Austrian and European Patent and Trademark Attorneys HAI LN I AN WA LI t PATENT CLAIMS 1. Drawbar (1) for one Vehicle trailer comprising a hemispherical receiving socket (2) with a receiving opening (3) for receiving a coupling ball (4) and a drawbar support (5) for connecting the receiving socket (2) with the vehicle trailer, characterized in that the receiving socket (2) by means of a Safety device (6) pivotally connected to the drawbar support (5), that the receiving socket (2) by means of an actuator (7) of the safety device (6) is fixable in an operating position, and that the receiving socket (2) relative to the drawbar support (5) by means of the actuating device (7) from the operating position in a direction away from the receiving opening (3) direction in a decoupling schwenkb ar is.
    [2]
    2. Drawbar (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the operating position a parallel to a longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier (5) and through a center (8) of the receiving pan (2) extending straight a the drawbar carrier (5) facing away from the first area (9) of the receiving pan (2) intersects, and that in the decoupling position, this straight line leads past the first region (9) of the receiving pan (2).
    [3]
    3. drawbar (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a pivot angle between the operating position and the Entkoppelungsposition between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 15 ° and 30 °.
    [4]
    4. Drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a pivot axis (10) of the safety device (6) - seen in the operating position - horizontal and transverse to a longitudinal direction of the drawbar carrier (5).
    [5]
    5. drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receiving socket (2) via a web (11) with the safety device (6) is connected.
    [6]
    6. drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a distance from the receiving socket (2) to the safety device (6) is the simple to five times a diameter of the receiving opening (3).
    [7]
    7. drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the receiving socket (2) is at least indirectly attached to a first part (12) of the safety device (6) that a second part (13) of the safety device ( 6) is attached to the drawbar support (5), and that the first part (12) by means of a rotary joint (14) with the second part (13) is pivotally connected.
    [8]
    Drawbar (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the parts (12, 13) of the safety device (6) are connected at one end of the parts (12, 13) to the rotary joint (14), and in that the actuating device ( 7) is arranged at an end opposite the said end of the parts (12,13).
    [9]
    9. drawbar (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that in the operating position, the first part (12) on the second part (13) rests over a large area.
    [10]
    10. Drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuating device (7) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (15).
    [11]
    11. drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuating device (7), in particular actuated by a Bowden cable, securing element, that the securing element in a latching position, the receiving socket (2) fixed in the operating position, and in a release position, a pivoting of the receiving pan (2) allows.
    [12]
    12. vehicle trailer with a drawbar (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11.
    [13]
    13. vehicle combination with a vehicle trailer according to claim 12 and a towing vehicle with a driver's cab, characterized in that the actuating device (7) of the safety device (6) from the driver's cab can be actuated.

    Gibler & Poth Patent Attorneys OG (Dr. F. Gibler or Dr. W. Poth)
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20160311279A1|2016-10-27|
    EP3065957A1|2016-09-14|
    AT515156B1|2015-11-15|
    EP3065957B1|2018-01-10|
    CA2928990A1|2015-05-07|
    US9688110B2|2017-06-27|
    WO2015061818A1|2015-05-07|
    CA2928990C|2017-10-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    AT412630B|2003-02-12|2005-05-25|Josef Ing Scharmueller|CLUTCH DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CLOSING A CLUTCH DEVICE|
    US7275754B2|2003-07-14|2007-10-02|Scharmueller Josef|Support structure for a hitch ball|
    AT412961B|2003-11-07|2005-09-26|Josef Ing Scharmueller|HEAVY DUTY towing eye|
    AT507606B1|2008-11-28|2010-11-15|Josef Ing Scharmueller|FIFTH WHEEL|
    AT507665B1|2009-06-16|2010-07-15|Scharmueller Josef Ing|TRAILER HITCH|
    AT509402B1|2010-02-03|2012-04-15|Josef Ing Scharmueller|FORCED STEERING|
    AT511942B1|2011-09-16|2013-04-15|Josef Ing Scharmueller|AXLE|CA2948865A1|2014-01-08|2015-07-08|Power Pin Inc.|Ball hitch with locking swivel and ramp|
    EP3379222B1|2017-03-22|2020-12-30|Methode Electronics Malta Ltd.|Magnetoelastic based sensor assembly|
    WO2019168565A1|2018-02-27|2019-09-06|Methode Electronics,Inc.|Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing|
    US11135882B2|2018-02-27|2021-10-05|Methode Electronics, Inc.|Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing|
    US11084342B2|2018-02-27|2021-08-10|Methode Electronics, Inc.|Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing|
    US11221262B2|2018-02-27|2022-01-11|Methode Electronics, Inc.|Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing|
    CN111559209B|2020-05-18|2021-07-20|中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司|Traction seat height control system and method and tractor|
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    法律状态:
    2020-08-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20191104 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA840/2013A|AT515156B1|2013-11-04|2013-11-04|drawbar|ATA840/2013A| AT515156B1|2013-11-04|2013-11-04|drawbar|
    EP14824343.9A| EP3065957B1|2013-11-04|2014-11-04|Draw bar|
    PCT/AT2014/000198| WO2015061818A1|2013-11-04|2014-11-04|Drawbar|
    CA2928990A| CA2928990C|2013-11-04|2014-11-04|Drawbar|
    US15/033,831| US9688110B2|2013-11-04|2014-11-04|Drawbar|
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